Materiales de obturación radicular utilizados en dientes deciduos

A Trejo; Carlos Enrique  Cuevas

doi:10.47990/alop.v4i1.34

Autores

A Trejo
Carlos Enrique Cuevas

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47990/alop.v4i1.34

Palavras-chave:

dentes decíduos, polpa

Resumo

Cárie e trauma são as principais causas de emergéncias em odontopediatria. Essas condições podem levar a danos irreversíveis ao tecido pulpar comprometendo a manutenção dos dentes envolvidos. A perda precoce de dentes decíduos acarreta vários problemas na dentição permanente, como giroversoes, migração mesial, hábitos linguais viciosos e outros. Para limitar os danos pulpares e evitar a exodontia de dentes decíduos, são propostas diferentes técnicas, desde capeamentos pulpares até tratamentos mais radicais, como a pulpectomia. Esta última envolve a remoção do tecido pulpar, limpeza e desinfecção dos canais e sua obturação Embora este procedimento tenha muitas semelhanças com a técnica endodontica convencional para dentes permanentes apresenta certas dificuldades características de dentes decíduos, tais como a complexa morfologia dos canais radiculares, a reabsorção radicular fisiológica e a consequente erupção dos dentes permanente. Vários autores têm descrito as características ideais de um material obturador de canais radiculares de dentes decíduos, que incluem atividade bactericida e bacteriostática, biocompatibilidade e padrao de reabsorção similar a da raiz do dente decíduo. Desde muito tempo, vários materiais tém sido desenvolvidos para cumprir as exigências que essa técnica requer. Dentre os primeiros materiais desenvolvidos com esta fi lidade estao a pasta de óxido de zinco e eugenol, hidróxido de cálcio e materiais a base de iodoformio. Com o tempo surgiram combinações destes materiais para aumentar suas vantagens e diminuir suas desvantagens. Pastas de iodofórmio em combinação com hidróxido de cálcio sao as que têm tido maior aceitação.

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