Orthodontic Treatment in a Patient with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Abstract

Introduction: Dental treatment of patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) presents unique challenges due to the associated sensory, cognitive and behavioral alterations. Case report: This report describes the successful orthodontic treatment of a 10-year-old male patient with high-functioning ASD, who presented with severe sensory alterations and a labial suction habit. The patient had received prior sensory-behavioral adaptation to dental care. The care protocol included Tell-Show-Do techniques, audiovisual support, positive reinforcement, and the use of dark glasses to minimize sensory visual stimuli. The use of a self-regulation element of the patient was allowed. Extraction of upper lateral incisors was performed, and the crowns of the same teeth were used as temporary replacements to maintain aesthetics and avoid the feeling of tooth loss. Brackets were cemented in the central and lateral incisors to assess the patient's acceptance of fixed appliances. Result: The treatment was successful, achieving patient cooperation and ensuring continuity of treatment. Behavioral adaptation, in conjunction with a multidisciplinary team and caregiver participation, are essential to achieve therapeutic objectives and protect the patient's self-perception. Conclusion: The great challenge of caring for the patient with autism is to provide comprehensive care with a multidisciplinary team, ensuring the improvement of their quality of life and adherence over time.