Trastornos temporomandibulares y factores de riesgo asociados en niños y adolescentes de Cartagena, Colombia.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47990/9dvwdc18Palabras clave:
Maloclusiones, Trastornos temporomandibulares , niños y adolescentes, clase II, Comportamientos oralesResumen
Objetivos: Determinar cuáles son factores de riesgo asociados a los trastornos temporomandibulares (TTM) en niños y adolescentes que acuden al servicio de odontopediatría de la Universidad de Cartagena – Colombia. Metodología: la muestra fue de 105 participantes. Previo a la firma de consentimiento informado por los representantes legales se aplicó una encuesta para medir las variables sociodemográficas. el diagnostico de los TTM se obtuvo con el eje I de RDC/TTM, se aplicó igualmente el cuestionario de hábitos y comportamientos orales. El análisis radiográfico se estandarizó para evaluar las variables maloclusiones esquelética, patrón de crecimiento, estadio de maduración cervical de Baccetti, y análisis de curvatura cervical según Penning; la actitud postural se midió con el modelo fotográfico de postura corporal. El análisis estadístico se realizó con el programa STATA versión para Windows 14, se utilizó un análisis de regresión logística univariable y multivariable, con la prueba de chi2, asumiendo un valor de (p< 0.05) para la significancia. Resultados: el modelo obtenido para la explicación de los TTM fue el crudo mostrando significancia estadística para las variables clase canina, hábitos/comportamientos orales, actitud postural y la variable edad (p< 0.004). La fuerza estadística fue baja (R2=14%) Conclusión: Se resaltar el impacto negativo de la maloclusión clase II canina en los niños y adolescentes con TTM, siendo considerada la variable de mayor peso dentro del coeficiente de regresión, la cual se asoció significativamente en conjunto con el comportamiento oral posición adelantada de la mandíbula, inadecuada actitud postural y el grupo edad ≥ 6 años.
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