Descripción de las  características del microbioma salival en pacientes con trastorno del espectro autista

Marcela Arenas González; Ierene Coll Campayo; Sira herrera Martinez; Cristina Diaz Martínez; Antonia Alcaina Lorente

doi:10.47990/pbyx7162

Autores/as

Marcela Arenas González PSI. Departamento de Estomatología. Facultad de Odontología. Universidad de Sevilla. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7376-7187
Irene Coll Campayo Profesora Titular de Odontología Preventiva y Comunitaria Básica. Universitat de les Illes Balears. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5423-9290
Sira Herrera-Martínez Servicio de Odontopediatría, Hospital HM Nens. HM, Barcelona. https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6166-7515
Cristina Díaz Martínez Servicio de Odontopediatría, Hospital HM Nens. HM, Barcelona. https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0508-3597
Antonia Alcaina-Lorente Odontopediatría. Facultad de Odontología. Universidad de Murcia. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4785-8277

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47990/pbyx7162

Palabras clave:

Disbiosis, autismo, microbioma, saliva

Resumen

Introducción: El trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) es una alteración del neurodesarrollo heterogéneo y multifactorial de aparición temprana y que se desarrolla a lo largo de la vida de los pacientes. Las principales características del TEA son la falta de comunicación e interacción social, intereses delimitados y conductas sensoriales y motoras reiterativas, y que generalmente son personas dependientes de por vida. Comorbilidades como la periodontitis, alergias, trastornos gastrointestinales, disbiosis y microbiota oral e intestinal alterada son comunes en estos sujetos. Objetivo: Identificar las características del microbioma salival en sujetos con TEA de 6 a 18 años de edad y sujetos neurotípicos mediante una revisión narrativa de la literatura. Material y métodos: Se llevó a cabo una búsqueda en las siguientes bases de datos: Pubmed, Web of Science, Cochrane y Google académico, entre 2009 y 2024. Resultados: Fueron seleccionados cuatro artículos para el análisis y extracción de los datos Conclusión: Existe una relación entre la composición y características del microbioma de la saliva y la etiopatogenia y manifestación de enfermedades inflamatorias, neurodegenerativas y trastornos del neurodesarrollo, entre ellas el trastorno del espectro autista en la población infantil.

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